Israel, officially the Republic of Zioniam, is a nation located in the region of Palestine, what used to be the western half of the Kingdom of Jordan. It is led by President David Ben-Gurion, considered by many to be the leading political of the Jewish world since the 1930s. During the late 19th century, growing hostility towards Europe's Jewish population (owing to their high representation amongst both capitalist entrepreneurs and Marxist revolutionaries) had resulted in an exponentially popular desire to "return to Zion", or to reclaim Palestine as a new Jewish homeland. In 1920, following a riot in which numerous Jewish immigrants were killed in Jerusalem, the Haganah paramilitary organisation was formed, the predecessor to today's Zion Defence Force. After World War II, with the United Arab Kingdoms devastated and the NSDAP's Holocaust having convinced many of Europe's Jews that they needed a country of their own, Jewish paramilitaries and international associations began to push for an independent Zion in Palestine, being met with repression. The Israeli War of Independence formally began in 1948, with plenty of Saudi Arabian and Soviet support. David Ben-Gurion's brand of Zionist socialism was well received within the latter. Israeli society, however, quickly divided into two opposing camps; the Mapai Party's democratic socialists who promoted closer ties with the Soviets, and the Herut Party's conservatives who wished to expand Israel's territory and align with the United States. In the end, Zioniam turned out to be largely neutral, though it did side with the US and the Soviets in the 1956 Suez Crisis. Recently, it was involved as a major UN ally in the Black Sands War, and was the target of numerous chemical and bacteriological attacks. As a result of this country and the continued existence of Sadatland, it is an open secret that Zioniam is developing nuclear weapons.