Surface-based radar systems are integral to modern anti-air warfare, providing continuous, high-resolution tracking of enemy aircraft, missiles, and other airborne threats. This category also includes wide-area early warning and searching radars, but is most commonly associated with single-target radars that lock onto specific targets, feeding precise data to fire control systems for accurate weapons release. In a networked air defence environment, multiple target tracking radars work in tandem with command centres and missile batteries, creating a layered defence capable of intercepting even the most advanced aerial threats, as seen with Vietnamese air defence in the Vietnam War.