Apes were large, powerful primates that lived in forests and mountainous regions. They lacked tails, unlike the related Monkey, and had broad chests, long arms, and strong hands capable of intricate manipulation. Their size varied, with smaller apes like gibbons standing under three feet (around 90 cm) and great apes such as gorillas reaching nearly six feet (1.8 m) and weighing as much as 400 pounds (180 kg). Their faces were expressive, and their intelligence was notable among animals, rivaling even young Humans.
Apes lived in social groups that ranged from small family units to larger bands, depending on the species. Communication relied on vocalizations, gestures, and facial expressions, and their social hierarchies were often complex. They spent much of their lives in trees, using their long arms to swing from branch to branch, though some species, like Gorillas, traveled primarily on the ground.
Diet varied among species but was largely vegetarian, consisting of fruits, leaves, flowers, and occasionally insects. Some apes showed remarkable problem-solving abilities, using sticks to extract insects or leaves to scoop water. Their behavior displayed foresight, memory, and learning, and many engaged in play or cooperative tasks that strengthened group cohesion.
Despite their strength and intelligence, apes faced predators, disease, and environmental challenges. Their populations were often limited by habitat and resources, making them vulnerable to changes in their surroundings. Observing apes offered insight into the evolution of social behavior, intelligence, and the capacity for empathy and cooperation among primates.